Effect of physical exercise on endothelial dysfunction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18227/hd.v1i1.7451Keywords:
Rigidez arterial, exercício físico, disfunção endotelialAbstract
Introduction: Endothelial dysfunction is preceded by early inflammatory events in the vasculature and progressively leads to arterial stiffness. It is associated with high rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and its prevalence is increasing rapidly each year, mainly due to the increase in population life expectancy. Physical exercise consists of an important line of treatment for promoting reductions in cardiovascular risk and for markedly influencing the endothelium, mainly in the regulation of the number of smooth muscle endothelial cells, micro and macrovascular dilatation, reducing peripheral blood pressure and central, increasing the capillary density, number of cellular mitochondria, leading to favourable results for vascular system. Currently, new non-invasive functional diagnostic techniques are emerging, making evolutionary follow-up of endothelial dysfunction even easier. Objective: The present study aimed to carry out a literature review involving the effect of physical exercise on endothelial dysfunction and to relate to its respective modalities and dosages. Methods: A bibliographic survey was carried out during a period of 10 years (2005 to 2015). Development: In this review, it was observed that endothelial dysfunction results from a set of changes caused by the presence of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, diabetes, alcoholism, stress, poor diet and sedentary lifestyle. Conclusion: We conclude that physical aerobic and resistive exercise besides preserving the bioavailability of nitric oxide has the ability to improve endothelial dysfunction, reduce blood pressure and, consequently, cardiovascular risks by improving inflammatory enzymes activities and growth.
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