Eosinophylic esophagitis: case report and bibliographic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18227/hd.v3i2.7444Keywords:
Eosinophilic esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux, food hypersensitivity, endoscopy, digestive systemAbstract
Introduction: Eosinophilic Esophagitis, is a chronic and immuno-mediated esophageal disease characterized by symptoms related to esophageal dysfunction with eosinophilic inflammation. It has become in the last two decades an important differential diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux, especially in the pediatric population. Considering new research on pathophysiology, propaedeutics and clinical management, it is discussed the importance of knowing about Eosinophilic Esophagitis to avoid late diagnosis and, consequently, greater esophageal remodeling, clinically expressed as dysphagia and food impaction. Objective: To present the case of a scholar with Eosinophilic Esophagitis, accompanied in an outpatient clinic at Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. Added to data collection on eosinophilic esophagitis from the literature review on the subject. Methods: For the literature review, we considered articles published in the last five years, in journals indexed in the following databases: BIREME, PubMed and LILACS. Development: The literature review was conducted on the subject of eosinophilic esophagitis, mainly related to clinical aspects and criteria for diagnosis. The case report of a child with late diagnosis of Eosinophilic Esophagitis shows the persistence of symptoms without response to therapy instituted before the correct diagnosis and the consequent deficit in their weight and height development. Conclusion: From the research conducted in this literature review, there is a clear increase in the number of publications on the subject. It is evident the importance of reinforcing the clinical criteria for the diagnostic suspicion of EE by valuing the frequency, intensity and symptom profile varying according to the age of the patient, besides questioning the existence of food impaction. After indicating the endoscopy of the Digestive System in the suspicion of EE we would have biopsies performed in the three thirds of the esophagus, which would greatly increase the chance of diagnosis confirmed by histopathology. These attitudes can lead to a drop in late diagnosis rate and fewer complications caused by EE.
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