Monitoramento no âmbito hospitalar: avaliação da carga microbiana

Abstract

Introduction: Hospital infections (HI) constitute a serious public health problem, which may occur during hospitalization or after discharge. It is undeniable that environmental contamination, involving important microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Acinetobacter spp., Clostridium difficile, among others) represents a risk of transmission between patients and professionals.. Objective: Given the importance of microbial control in HI prevention, the present study evaluated the microbial load of health professionals of a public hospital in the interior of the state of São Paulo, through the hand washing and dressing procedure, as well as the hospital environment. Methods: To perform the data collection, the Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) was applied. After the clarification of the TCLE, for the microbiological collections of the hands and clothes of the health professionals, laminous crops were used. And for the evaluation of the microbial load of the air, the sedimentation plate technique was used. Results: We observed the efficiency of the hand hygiene technique, since partial or total reduction of the microbial load occurred. As for clothing collections, the results are increasing numerically at the expense of the workday, in addition to presenting characteristics intrinsic to the activity developed by the professional. The results obtained through the sedimentation plates indicate that areas of lower flow of people and / or controlled access, such as beds, have a reduced total microbial load. Conclusion: The presence of microorganisms in the hospital environment is inevitable, however, prophylactic measures such as hand hygiene, and disinfection of surfaces and the correct use of clothes or periodic exchanges of the same contribute positively to the prevention of infections via the exogenous route.