DIAGNÓSTICO DA PROPRIEDADE INTELECTUAL NO SETOR DE INSUMOS EM RORAIMA: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A CARÊNCIA DE PROTEÇÃO DE CULTIVARES PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO AGRÍCOLA

Abstract

This Technical Note diagnoses the application of Intellectual Property (IP) in Roraima’s agribusiness, focusing on Plant Variety Protection (PVP), and discusses implications for regional development. We employ a mixed-methods, exploratory-descriptive, cross-sectional approach, analyzing 2019–2024, based on official secondary sources: SNPC/MAPA, IBGE (PAM, LSPA, Agricultural Census), SEPLAN-RR, IPEA, and publications by Embrapa, UFRR and SEADI-RR. Findings show that, between 2019 and 2022, Roraima posted the country’s highest GDP growth (+25.4%), while agribusiness’ share rose from 4.9% to 28.0%; in foreign trade (2019–2023), exports increased by 134% (US$ 1.5 billion cumulative) and imports are largely sourced from Venezuela (~86%) (SEPLAN, 2023; MDIC, 2024). Nationally, the private sector dominates cultivar protection (50.4% in fruit crops; 58.6% in vegetables), 60.4% of fruit cultivars are foreign, and Embrapa accounts for 18.6% (Silva et al., 2022). In Roraima, despite adapted and productive cultivars (e.g., soybean BRS Tracajá ≥ 3,700 kg/ha and up to 60% of area in some cycles; irrigated rice BRS Pampeira ≥ 10 t/ha), there remains a critical gap in formal registration/protection, linked to institutional and technical deficits. We conclude that this gap limits royalty capture, legal certainty, and the qualified diffusion of technologies. We recommend strengthening infrastructure and capacity-building, simplifying procedures, and expanding partnerships, within Brazil’s legal framework (Industrial Property Law, Plant Variety Protection Law, Biosafety Law, R&D tax incentives) and related initiatives (MAPA/SNPC, 2023; UPOV, 2024; BRASIL, 1996; 1997; 2005; Senate, 2025).